Candle



Jan. 19, 1943. R. A, BAUR E-rAL- 2,308,738A

CANDLE Filed Aug. 14, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 mvEN-rnns Y Passer/4.5404?. 5er-Ty M MEL VIM BY l EL ATTDRNEYB Patented Jan. 19, 1943 CANDLE Robert A. Baur and Betty M. Melvin, Philadelphia, Pa.

Application August 14, 1941, Serial No. 406,779

(Cl. (E7-22.5)

6 Claims.

This invention relates to -candles and method of making same and more especially to wax candles-the term wax being used generically to include the various waxes, both vegetable and animal (as well as known equivalents thereof), adapted for use in candle making. The invention is especially useful for fanciful or decorative candles which are intended to be burned.

Heretofore fanciful or decorative Wax candles upon being burned were progressively disgured and finally not only was the decorative value totally destroyed but the candles actually became unsightly. This was especially distasteful as to ecclesiastical candles embodying religious figures or designs, and was even obnoxious to persons of a sensitive nature.

An object of this invention is to provide Wax candles of a decorative nature which may be burned for a relatively long period of time without destroying the decorative value, and method of making such candles.

Another object of the invention is to provide Wax candles having an excess of wax so disposed as to form upon burning a predetermined artistic or fanciful design different from that before burning, and method of making such candles. The invention consists in the method herein described and in the novel features, arrangement, construction and combination of parts described in accordance with certain preferred embodiments thereof, and the invention will be more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Further objects of the invention Will more fully appear from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings illustrating by way of example'the method and several preferred embodiments of the article made thereby. Y

In the accompanying drawings, showing by Way of example present preferred embodiments of the invention:

Fig. 1 is a front view of an ecclesiastical candle in the form of an angel,

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section in elevation taken at line 2-2 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 3 is a cross section taken at 3--3 of Fig. l,

Fig. 4 is a cross section taken at 4--4 of Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is a cross section taken at 5--5 of Fig. Vl,

Fig. 6 is a front View of a candle in the form' of a Christmas tree, l

Fig. '7 is a cross section taken at 'l-'l of Fig. 6,

Fig. 8 is a front view of a candle in the for of a holly leaf and berries,

Fig. 9 is a side elevation of the candle of Fig.

i 5 sustaining for practical purposes. The sheet por- Fig, 10 is a front elevation showing the candle of Fig. 8 after the leaf wick has been burned to exhaustion and the unburned marginal edges of the leaf having assumed a different artistic design as a result of said burning,

Fig. 11 is a cross section taken at ll-ll of Fig. 8,

Fig. 12 is a front view of a candle in theform of a leaf and flower, and

Fig. 13 is a side elevation of the candle of Fig. 12.

Referring more particularly to Figures l to 5 inclusive; the candle is made in a fanciful design depicting an angel and is illustrative of one embodiment of an ecclesiastical candle. This candle comprises in general the body portion i serving as a base .or pedestal and the sheet-like portion 2; the body portion being relatively thick and massive compared to the relatively thin and delicate sheet-like portion. The body portion l is' molded, cast or otherwise suitably formed, in the present embodiment being molded from paraffin, in one piece except for the hair simulating portion. This body I may be dipped in the color u `desired for the robe (such as blue) before the ISO'.

arate sheets 3 and 4 each of approximately hair is affixed, the face and hands may be given a flesh tint by applying melted wax with a camels hair brush, and the eyes may be likewise formed by applying melted wax of the desired color such as deep blue, and thereafter a strip of Wax such as golden yellow may be applied to simulate hair. The sheet-like portion 2 is formed of relatively thin sheet wax, in the present embodiment being shown as comprising sepislf in thickness for a candle approximately one foot high. The sheets 3 and 4 being blanked to the desired outline contour, preferably by a blanking die, and the wick 5 being positioned between vthe sheet wax folds 3 and 4in the position illustrated in Figure 3, The sheetlike portion 2 is then formed, preferably by the use of forming blocks or dies to provide a curvilinear formation transversely (Figs. 4 and 5) and longitudinally (Fig. 2). It has been found that a sheet wax of relatively thin dimensions and having such an extended surface area of ordinary wax used for candles becomes readily deformed when exposed to atmospheric temperatures to which f they are frequently subjected, and we have discovered that it is possible by forming oppositely disposed curved surfaces longitudinally and transversely to materially strengthen such sheets of candle waX to a point where they are self- Abody I and then pressing it firmly into position.

The sheet-like portion 2 extends outwardly a substantial distance beyond the body portion I and has its oppositely disposed lower edges scalloped to simulate the outer folds of wings, and

the edges converge upwardly to a tapered point 1 at the upper end where the wick 5 projects c-utwardly. It is particularly noted that the wickH the flower base I9.

(Fig. V2) terminates at the point designated 6 immediately above the contiguous portion of the body I, with the result that the wick is completely consumed or burned out before the body portion I becomes disfigured as by'being melted. Furthermore, thecontour of the sheet-like portion 2 is such that only the central portion comprising the upper tapered end and the adjacent area defined by the concave dot and dash lines designated 'I is consumed by the burning wick 5;

Y the area thus consumed being defined as the fuel Zone. This arrangement and disposition'of the parts result in an enhancement of the artistic nature of the candle because, as will be readily seen from Figure 1, as the candle burns downwardly to aA point adjacent the dot and dash line 'l the oppositely disposed marginal edges remain unburned and due to their structural character istics the marginal edges, whose inner extremities are approximately defined by the dot and dash line 1, gradually evolve into the shape of separate wings so that when the candle is completely burned out the body I remains intact with up'- wardly extending wings 6 and 9. It is noted that although the wax in the fuel Zone of the candle is relatively thin, due to the extended lateral area, the fuel zone is sufficient in volume to provide a relativelyv long period of burning-in the instant embodiment with a candle approximately 12 ported by the unburned lower leaf portion which is secured to the rear of the base I0. The fuel Zone supplied by the leaf II furnishes several hours burning time and thereafter, if desired, the candle may be further burned by lighting the conventional wick I8 which extends through the central berry of the base I0.

Figures 12 and 13 illustrate a further.k artistic embodiment of the invention in which the base is given in the form of a flower IS surmounted by a flower leaf which is constructed and arranged in general similar to that of the holly leaf vin Figure 8, being provided with the rear vein or stem portion 2| in which a wick 22 is disposed which likewise preferably terminates just above A somewhat modified embodiment ofthe in- I vention is illustrated in Figures 6 and 7 in which inches in height overall'and a fuel zone of apf proximately 7 inches in height along the'wick the candle will burn in the'neighborhood of six hours. Referring more particularly to Figures 8 and 9, a slightly different embodiment of the invention is shown in which albody portion I il is molded inV v the form of a large central holly berry positioned between two smaller holly berries and the Vbase is therefore preferably colored a deep red. A sheetlike portion II in this embodiment is cut as a single blank out of a` sheet of wax having the serrated marginal holly leaf outline such as I2.

After the blank is formed it is folded along its' longitudinal center line (Figure 11)-I3 about a wick I 4 so as to form a leaf stem designated I5 (Figure 9) which servesV as an additionalreinforcing web inV addition to the longitudinal and lateralcurvalinear formation of the leaf I I As in the previous embodiment, the 'wick I4 terminates just short of the body IfL-as at the point designated I6 (Figure 9), so as notv to mar or destroy the body i9.

i2 are disposed beyond the fuel zone and are not consumed by the burning of the wick` I4. ,This

Y Also as in the previous embodiment, the sheet of wax forming the leaf and petal extends laterally-so that the scalloped edgesv a conventional candle such as Y23 is utilized as the base and main body member having the usual conventional wick 24. The sheet-like portion'in this embodiment is given the scalloped outline representing a Christmas tree in silhouette and designated 25. This fanciful outline is provided by sheet wax which is preferably made of two blankedout portions 26--27 which are folded around the candle body 23. In this embodiment the candle body furnishes a portion only of the fuel for the wickand theremaining fuel is supplied by the fuel Zone of the sheet wax which'isdefined between the dot and dash lines designated 28. As in the previous embodiments,v the` oppositely disposed 'marginaledges of the sheet-like body portion 25 are so disposed that for a subY stantial distance from the base of the sheet-like portion upwardly these lmarginal edges remainv so on until theaunburned oppositely disposedV marginalV edges rest in an Yirregular outwardly folded scroll on the lower o-ppositely `disposed scallops such as 32.l `When the candle has reached this point it is usually past'the point where it has served its usefulness and beyond the normal time of burning the usual candle.

From thexforegoingrit will be seen that in accordance with this invention we have provided a method which facilitates the manufacture of candles, and that the candles made by thisv method lend themselves to highly decorative and artistic forms and shapes which remain decorative and of varying artistic merit progressively Y throughout theburning of ther candles.

Having thus described our invention with particularitywith reference to the preferred method l of carrying out the same and in connection with the preferred products resulting from the carrying out ,of the method, and having referred Ato some Yof the possiblemodications thereof, itwill be obvious to those skilled in the art, afterrunderstanding our invention, that other 'changes' and modifications `may be made` therein without de- I `parting from the scope of our invention, `.and we aim in the appended claims to cover such changes-A invention.

and modifications Vas are within the scope'of the Y Whatis claimed is: Y Y y' 1. A candle comprising a wick disposed between.

two sheets of wax secured together to provide a unitary structure with the two sheets meeting along a surface passing through said wick, said attached sheets for a substantial distance longitudinally thereof extending outwardly from said wick and having laterally outwardly extending free marginal edges thereof disposed beyond the fuel zone of said wick and providing an intermediate area serving as a fuel supply for said Wick.

2. A Wax candle comprising a relatively thick pedestal portion and a relatively thin sheet-like portion extending beyond the pedestal portion, and a wick intimately encased between the folds of said sheet-like portion with the folds of said sheet-like portion meeting along a surface passing through said wick, said sheet portion being so constructed and arranged that longitudinal portions thereof extend laterally on opposite sides of said wick so as to provide free marginal edges suiiiciently distant from the wick so as to remain unmelted by the burning of the candle.

3. A wax candle comprising a relatively thick pedestal portion and a relatively thin sheet-like portion extending beyond the pedestal portion, and a wick enclosed between the folds of said sheet-like portion, said sheet portion being so constructed and arranged that longitudinal portions thereof extend laterally onopposite sides of said Wick so as to provide free marginal edges sufficiently distant from the wick so as to remain unmelted by the burning of the candle and providing an intermediate area serving as a fuel supply for said wick, said wick terminating adjacent the pedestal portion and being so constructed and arranged that the wick is fed by wax from the sheet portion Whose said intermediate area is consumed thereby without destroying marginal areas.

4. A Wax candle comprising a relatively thick pedestal portion and a relatively thin sheet-like portion extending beyond the pedestal portion,

and a wick enclosed between the folds of said sheet-like portion, said sheet portion being so constructed and arranged that longitudinal portions thereof extend laterally on opposite sides of said wick so as to provide free marginal edges sufliciently distant from the wick so as to remain unmelted by the burning of the candle, said sheet portion being curvalinear transversely and longitudinally for a major portion of its dimensions so as to provide increased structural strength in said sheet-like portion.

5. A wax candle comprising a relatively thick body portion being an image of an angel, a relatively thin sheet-like portion being secured to and projecting upwardly above said body portion and extending laterally outwardly beyond the body portion with oppositely disposed scalloped edges converging upwardly into a tapered upper end, a centrally disposed wick enclosed Within said sheet-like portion with its upper end adjacent said tapered end of the sheet-like portion and its lower end terminating adjacent the upper end of said body, said parts being so constructed and disposed that upon the burning of said Wick the sheet-like portion is only partially consumed in such manner as to form wings.

6. A fanciful candle comprising a relatively thick fanciful wax body portion, a fanciful Wax configuration comprising a relatively thin sheetlike portion secured to and extending upwardly above said body portion, a wick disposed in such proximity to said sheet-like portion as to be fed by and consume a portion thereof, said wick terminating adjacent the upper portion of said body, said sheet-like portion providing longitudinally extending free marginal edges laterally disposed on opposite sides of said wick, said marginal edges of said sheet-like portion being spaced from said wick beyond the fuel Zone.

ROBERT A. BAUR. BETTY M. MELVIN. 

